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John Langdon Down
John Langdon Haydon Down, DS (18 November 1828 – 7 October 1896), was a British physician best known for his description of a relatively common genetic disorder, now known as Down syndrome, which he originally classified in 1862.
==Education==
Down was born in Torpoint, Cornwall. He was descended on his father's side from an Irish family, his great-great grandfather having been the Anglican Bishop of Derry. His sister's daughters eventually married into the Adrian, Darwin and Keynes families. John Down went to local schools including the Devonport Classical and Mathematical School. At 14 he was apprenticed to his father, the village apothecary at Anthony St Jacob's. The vicar gave him a present of Arnott's ''Physics'' which made him determined to take up a scientific career. At the age of 18, he went to London where he got a post working for a surgeon in the Whitechapel Road where he had to bleed patients, extract teeth, wash bottles and dispense drugs. Later he entered the pharmaceutical laboratory in Bloomsbury Square and won the prize for organic chemistry. He also met Michael Faraday and helped him with his work on gases. More than once he was called back to Torpoint to help his father in the business until he died in 1853. Down would have liked a career in science but in those days there were few prospects for a career in chemistry.
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